The Aztec or Mexica calendar is the calendrical system used by the Aztecs as well as other Pre-Columbian peoples of central Mexico. It is one of the Mesoamerican calendars, sharing the basic structure of calendars from throughout ancient Mesoamerica. The Aztecs used two calendars to compute the days of the year. Xiuhpohualli (the first, or solar, calendar) consisted of 365 days, divided into.

Contents.Tōnalpōhualli The ('day count') consists of a cycle of 260 days, each day signified by a combination of a number from 1 to 13, and one of the twenty day signs. With each new day, both the number and day sign would be incremented: 1 Crocodile is followed by 2 Wind, 3 House, 4 Lizard, and so forth up to 13 Reed, after which the cycle of numbers would restart (though the twenty day signs had not yet been exhausted) resulting in 1 Jaguar, 2 Eagle, and so on, as the days immediately following 13 Reed.

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This cycle of number and day signs would continue similarly until the 20th week, which would start on 1 Rabbit, and end on 13 Flower. It would take a full 260 days (13×20) for the two cycles (of twenty day signs, and thirteen numbers) to realign and repeat the sequence back on 1 Crocodile.Day signs The set of day signs used in central Mexico is identical to that used by, and to a lesser degree similar to those of other. Each of the day signs also bears an association with one of the four cardinal directions.There is some variation in the way the day signs were drawn or carved.

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Those here were taken from the.ImagenameEnglish translationDirectionCrocodileAlligatorCaimanCrocodilian MonsterDragonEastWindNorthHouseWestLizardSouthSerpentSnakeEastDeathNorthDeerAnimalWestRabbitSouthWaterEastDogNorthImagenameEnglish translationDirectionMonkeyWestGrassSouthReedEastJaguarNorthEagleWestVultureSouthMovementQuakeEarthquakeEastFlintFlint KnifeNorthRainWestFlowerSouthWind and Rain are represented by images of their associated gods, and respectively.Other marks on the stone showed the current world and also the worlds before this one. Each world was called a sun, and each sun had its own species of inhabitants. The Aztecs believed that they were in the Fifth Sun and like all of the suns before them they would also eventually perish due to their own imperfections. Every 52 years was marked out because they believed that 52 years was a life cycle and at the end of any given life cycle the gods could take away all that they have and destroy the world.Trecenas The 260 days of the sacred calendar were grouped into twenty periods of 13 days each. Scholars usually refer to these thirteen-day 'weeks' as, using a term derived from 'thirteen' (just as the Spanish term 'dozen' is derived from 'twelve').

The original term is not known.Each trecena is named according to the calendar date of the first day of the 13 days in that trecena. In addition, each of the twenty trecenas in the 260-day cycle had its own tutelary deity:TrecenaDeityTrecenaDeity1 Crocodile1 Monkey1 Jaguar1 Lizard1 Deer1 Quake1 Flower1 Dog1 Reed1 House1 Death1 Vulture1 Rain1 Water1 Grass1 Wind1 Snake1 Eagle1 Flint1 RabbitXiuhpōhualli In ancient times the year was composed of eighteen months, and thus it was observed by the native people. Since their months were made of no more than twenty days, these were all the days contained in a month, because they were not guided by the moon but by the days; therefore, the year had eighteen months.

The days of the year were counted twenty by twenty.

The exact origins of the Aztec people are uncertain, but they are believed to have begun as a northern tribe of whose name came from their homeland Aztlan, or “White Land” in the Aztec language of Nahuatl. The Aztecs were also known as the Tenochca (from which the name for their capital city, Tenochtitlan, was derived) or the Mexica (the origin of the name of the city that would replace Tenochtitlan, as well as the name for the entire country). The Aztecs appeared in Mesoamerica–as the south-central region of pre-Columbian is known–in the early 13th century. Their arrival came just after, or perhaps helped bring about, the fall of the previously dominant Mesoamerican civilization, the.